Cribbing



April 2, 1929.

J. 5. 14055051 ET AL GRIBBiNG Original Filed June 10, 1926 v 171 04171 5. 7- toug ew,-/

Patented Apr. 2, 1929.

UNITED, STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN S. 110288019, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, AND JOHN S. HUNIOON, 011 DETROIT, MIGHI GAN, ASSIGNORS TO MASSEY CONCRETE PRODU'CIS ILLINOIS, A COBIORATION OF VIRGINIA.

CURIORATION, OF CHICAGO,

GRIBBING.

Original application filed June 10, 1926, Serial no. 114,599. Divided and th application filed July 7,

1927. Serial The present invention relates to cribbing, such as is used'in the construction of retaining walls, railway embankrnents, piers, etc., and has particular reference to that type of cribbing built up of successive courses of 1011- gitudinal stretcher units and tiers oftransverse header units.

The present application is a division of our application Serial No. 114 -,899, filed June 10, 1926, for cribbing. v y

The fundamentalobjcct of the invention is to provide an improved method of and means for interlocking the stretcher and header units together. According to the present invention, this interlocking arrangement is obtained by forming the stretcher and header units with matching depressions at points where they engage, and placing small bars or spheres in these matching depressions, which prevent relative shifting movement between the stretcher and headerunits. By virtue of this construction a standardized type of unit may be employed for both headers and stretchers, although numerous advantages of our invention may be realized when e1nbod1ed 1n stretcher and header units of different types.

l inclusive, onl

, Referring to the accompanying drawings illustrating preferred adaptations of my in vention: v,

Figure 1 is a front elevational view of the completed cribbing wall. l

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view through the wall.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary perspective view illustrating the manner of erection.

Figure 1 is an enlarged detail view illustrating the interlocking depressions in the ends of the unit.

In the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to one typeof standard unit is employed, th1s unit serving alternately as a header andas a stretcher. This unit, desig nated 16,is constructed in the form of a long bar of squareor oblong section. It is preferably constructed of concrete, and when so made is re-enforced by any suitable wire or rod re-enforcing 17. v

At each end of the unit tranverse grooves 18 are 1110lClQd1I1 the unit, extending from side to side thereof and longitudina moves 19 are also molded in the ends of the unit the upper and lower sides thereof.

to intersect the transverse grooves 18. These pairs of grooves 1819 are molded in two both ends thereof. The transverse grooves 18 are spaced. from the end of the unit a dis tance substantially equal to one-half the width of the unit. The longitudinal groove 19 is located centrally ofjthe width of the unit, and preferably, although not necessarily,'intersects the transverse groove 1.8.

Referring to Figure ,3,fit willbe evident that when two of these units are laid end to end, with these grooved surfaces forming the top and bottom sides of the units, the

longitudinal grooves, 19 will alignand form a co-extensive grooveextending across both end portions of the units. When a third unit is nowlaid crosswise of these two longitudinal uni ts, with its end extending squarely across the adjoining ends of the first two units, the transverse groove 18 of this third 'unitwill register with the aligned grooves 19 of the first two units, producing a colnplete circular opening or groove defined in thecontacting surfaces of these three units (Figure A pin or bar 21 engaging in this circular opening-will have itslower portion within the confines of the aligned longi tudinal grooves 19 and its upper portion within the confines of the transverse groove 18 of the upper unit. Thus, this pin or bar will interlockthe three units together, elfec tively holding the two aligned units against pressures tending to force either or both of these units outwardly from under the end of the transverse unit.

This briefly describes the interlocking relation.establishedbetween the strctchers and the headers and the manner of erecting cribbing walls with this type of unit. In con stru'cting a Wall. such as shown in Figures 1 and 2, two parallel rows of units 16 are first laid on the ground end to end and with the grooved sides constituting the top and hottonisurfaces of, these units. The ends are placed substantially in contact andthe joints of one row are placed exactly opposite the joints in the .other row. These units thus occupy the relation of stretcher units and accordingly have been designated 16 111 Figures .1 and 2. Across these two rows of slimtcherunitaat each'pair of. joints, is then placed another un1t,-whichunit occupies the relation of aheader unit'and accordingly has been designated 16, Theseheader units are placed with their grooved sldes constituting the upper and lower surfaces thereof. Just "before these header units are placed on the joints of the stretcher units, the short pins or ti'a'lly to .fill'the completed openings. Thus, when the header units16 are placed overv bars 21 are 'droppedi'n the aligned grooves 191 19 of the adjoining stretcher units. These pinsor bars'are of a diameter substanfthesejoints,the transverse grooves 18 will engage over thexprotruding upper portions of the interlocking pins or bars21, wh1ch pins or bars substantially fill the completed 7 opening. Another series of these interlock- Ii'ngpins or bars are then placed in the transverseigrooves 18 in the top sides of these head- ];er units .lfi and two second rows of stretcher imits are then placed across the tops of these header units The aligning longitudinal V l V groove .19 ofthese stretcher units will drop over the pins whiehhave been placed in the t'opagrooves-l8 .of the header units, and thus gt'hejoint between these stretcher units and the .terlocked these pins. 7 j'set 'o'f header units is then placed across th1s top sides of-the header units :will also be in- Thereafter another upper layer of stretcher units with the interlocking pins interposed as before described,

and'this process is repeated until the wall has.

reached the desired height.

' It will-be observed that the interlocking relation thus established between the stretch- .er units andthe header unitsis-of maximum efl'ectiveness for preventing lateralor outward movement of the stretcher unlts relative to the endsof the header units or relative to' each other. This re-enforcement against outward displacement is very desirable as the v pressure ofthe fill 23 (of gravel, dirt, cinders or the like) .has a tendency to force these stretcher units outwardly from the wall.

f'There is'practically no tendency for longitudinal displacement o-fthe stretcher units .Ias amend to 'end' contact between these units takes care of these stresses.

The interlocking pins 21 preferably 0011-.

h .sist .of-short sections of round iron bar, al-

,of the grooves 18.19 do not diminish the bearing a'rea'between the stretcher and header unitsrmaterially, and the iron pins and the relatively Wide expanseof concrete between the grooves and the adjacent edges of the units oppose maximum sheering resistance against displacement of the units.

It will thus be observed that we have invented a novel and simple type of cribbing unit amlcribbing structure inwhich the ends of the stretchers are formed with matching depressions, adapted to align the stretchers, and in which the headers are provided with matching depressions adapted to be placed over the depressions upon the stretcher-s forming a recess in which a simple inter-locking member may be placed. The engagement of the shoulders formed by the opposite sides of these depressions with the inter-lockingmembers enables the headers to maintain the stret-ehers against outward movement, and when the cribbing has been built as described the weight of the structure is sufficient to maintain the units and inter-locking members in proper relation without additional fastening means.

While we have illustrated and described a specific en'ibodiment of our invention, many inochfications maybe made without departing from the spirit of the invention and we do not wish to be limited to the precise details of construction set forth, but desire to avail ourselves of all changes within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new and desire'to secure by Let ters Patent of the United States is:

1. In a cribbing wall constructed of one .type of standard unit serving bothas a header unit and as a stretcher unit,-said unit having T-shaped grooves in opposite sides at both ends'thereof, said units being laid in superposed rows in relation to the stretcher units with tiers of such units interposed in the relation of header units, a portion of the T- shaped groove in each of said header units matching with a portion of the T-shaped grooves in adjoining stretcher units, and interlocking pins engaging in the matching portions of said grooves.

2. A cribbing wall constructed entirely of one type of standard unit serving both as a header unit and as a stretcher unit,-said unit having formed at each end thereof a transversely extending groove set back from the end of the unit, and longitudinally extending grooves extending from the end of the'unit and intersecting said transversely extending groove, said units being laid in courses in the relation of stretcher units and in tiers extending transversely of these courses in the relation of header units, the longitudinally extending grooves of adjacent stretcher units coinciding to form a co-extensive groove extending across the joint of adjacent stretcher units, the transversely extending groove of the adjacent header unit matching with the longitudinally extending grooves of the stretcher units, and interlocking pins in the matching grooves of said header and stretcher units.

3. A cribbing Wall unit comprising an elongated concrete member f substantially rectangular cross-sect-ion, having transverse semicircular grooves on opposite sides adja cent each end, and having longitudinal semi circular grooves on opposite sides extending inward from each end.

4. In a cribbing, the combination of a pair of stretchers laid end to end, each stretcher having a groove in its end communicating with a groove in the other stretcher, an inter-- locking pin in said grooves to align said stretchers, said pin projecting above said stretchers, and a header laid transversely on said stretchers and having a transverse groove to receive saidpin whereby said head er maintains said stretchers against lateral movement 5. A cribbing wall constructed of stretcher units and header units, the bearing surfaces at each end of said stretcher units and at each endof said header units having matching de ressions therein, and interlocking pins of su stantially cylindrical form in said matching depressions and interlocking said units together.

6; 1X cribbing wall constructed of a plurality of'standard units each having grooves formed in the opposite sides thereof at both ends of the unit, said units being arranged in courses of stretchers and transversely extending tiers oi" headers, the grooves in said header units matching with the grooves in said stretcher units when thus erected, and interlocking pins disposed in the matching grooves of said stretcher and header units for maintaining said stretchers in alignment and holding said stretchers from spreading by interlocking with said headers.

7. A cribbing wall unit com rising an elongated concrete member of substantially rectangular cross-section, said member having transverse semi-circular grooves formed on opposite sides adjacent each end for receiving a part of an interlocking pin of substantially cylindrical form having its other parts in a similar depression in a plurality of stretchers.

In witness whereof, we heretunto subscribe our names as follows:

Chicago, Illinois, June 29th, 1927.

JOHN S HOBSON. Detroit, Michigan, June 20, 1927.

J. S. HUNTOON. 

